Search results for "Life tables"
showing 10 items of 19 documents
The relationship between bipolar disorder and alcoholism: a controlled family study.
1995
SYNOPSISBipolar disorder and alcoholism are familial disorders. The familial–genetic relationship between both is controversial and has received insufficient study. This study explores whether bipolar disorder and alcoholism share familial risk factors, and whether the co-occurrence of lifetime diagnosis of bipolar disorder and alcoholism is familial. We report on first-degree relatives of 146 consecutively admitted patients with either bipolar disorder or/and alcoholism; relatives of the patients (in total 728 relatives directly interviewed) were compared with first-degree relatives of 109 general population probands (320 relatives directly interviewed). Overlap between the familial compon…
Aquatic pollution may favor the success of the invasive species A. franciscana
2015
The genus Artemia consists of several bisexual and parthenogenetic sibling species. One of them, A. franciscana, originally restricted to the New World, becomes invasive when introduced into ecosystems out of its natural range of distribution. Invasiveness is anthropically favored by the use of cryptobiotic eggs in the aquaculture and pet trade. The mechanisms of out-competition of the autochthonous Artemia by the invader are still poorly understood. Ecological fitness may play a pivotal role, but other underlying biotic and abiotic factors may contribute. Since the presence of toxicants in hypersaline aquatic ecosystems has been documented, our aim here is to study the potential role of an…
On a Retarded Nonlocal Ordinary Differential System with Discrete Diffusion Modeling Life Tables
2021
In this paper, we consider a system of ordinary differential equations with non-local discrete diffusion and finite delay and with either a finite or an infinite number of equations. We prove several properties of solutions such as comparison, stability and symmetry. We create a numerical simulation showing that this model can be appropriate to model dynamical life tables in actuarial or demographic sciences. In this way, some indicators of goodness and smoothness are improved when comparing with classical techniques.
Impact of routine angiographic follow-up after angioplasty
1998
Abstract Background There is an ongoing controversy as to whether repeat coronary angiography should be routinely performed after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods We examined the 10-year outcome in 400 patients who had or had not undergone an angiographic control 6 months after successful PTCA and a subsequent event-free 6-month period. Our comparison was based on data gathered by questionnaire and telephone interview in 315 patients with (group A) and 85 patients without (group B) a routine 6-month angiographic control. Multivariate analysis (Cox model) was performed to identify predictors of adverse events. Results During the 10-year follow-up peri…
Preoperative radiochemotherapy and radical surgery in comparison with radical surgery alone. A prospective, multicentric, randomized DÖSAK study of a…
1994
Abstract A multicentric, randomized study of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity and the oropharynx has been undertaken by DOSAK. The results after radical surgery alone have been compared with the results of combined preoperative radiochemotherapy followed by radical surgery. Patients with primary (biopsy proven) SCC of the oral cavity or the oropharynx with tumor nodes metastasis (TNM) stages T2–4, N0–3, M0 were included in the study. A total of 141 patients were treated by radical surgery alone, whereas 127 patients were treated by radical surgery preceded by preoperative radiochemotherapy. The preoperative treatment consisted of conventionally fractioned irradiation on the …
Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortalit…
2021
Background: Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 has targeted elimination of preventable child mortality, reduction of neonatal death to less than 12 per 1000 livebirths, and reduction of death of children younger than 5 years to less than 25 per 1000 livebirths, for each country by 2030. To understand current rates, recent trends, and potential trajectories of child mortality for the next decade, we present the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 findings for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in children younger than 5 years of age, with multiple scenarios for child mortality in 2030 that include the consideration of potential effects of COVID-…
Testing a new health indicator: using avoidable causes of death and life expectancy for Spain between 1975-1986.
1993
The concept of avoidable cause of death serves as the basis for measuring the quality and diversity of a health care system. In this study the authors propose a new way to use this kind of mortality by combining with the concept of life expectancy to obtain what they call "life expectancy free of avoidable mortality" (LEFAM). This indicator was 76.9 in 1986 in Spain while life expectancy was 75.83. If these deaths were avoidable there would be a gain of 1.09 years per person born. There is an important difference between the would-be male gain of 1.76 years and the would-be female gain of 0.6. In the ecological study, LEFAM would better explain the year to year changes of the resources in t…
Chronic exposure to a GSM-like signal (mobile phone) does not stimulate the development of DMBA-induced mammary tumors in rats: results of three cons…
2002
Certain epidemiological and experimental studies raised concerns about the safety of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields because of a possible increased risk of leukemia and lymphoma. In this study, an RF field used in mobile telecommunication was tested using 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors in female Sprague-Dawley rats as a model for human breast cancer. Three experiments were carried out under strictly standardized conditions and were started on the same day of three consecutive years. The field consisted of a GSM-like signal (900 MHz pulsed at 217 Hz, pulse width 577 micros) of relatively low power flux density (100 microW/cm(2) +/- 3 dB) and was appl…
Estimation of the Combined Effects of Ageing and Seasonality on Mortality Risk: An Application to Spain
2021
Abstract Despite the overwhelming evidence that shows the persistence of intra-annual variations on demographic events (deaths, birth dates and migration flows), life tables are computed and provided on an annual basis. This paper develops a new estimator for estimating sub-annual death rates that, considering the exact moment of occurrence (exact age and day) of events, concurrently accounts for ageing and calendar fluctuations. This paper also shows how modelling the intra-annual variations of death rates, through specific seasonal–ageing indexes, can be used as a tool for constructing new sub-annual tables from annual tables. This new methodology is exemplified using a real database of S…
Morbidity and mortality in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the 1980's.
1993
The purpose of the present study was to examine the general morbidity and mortality rates in the three Baltic republics — Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania during a decade before the collapse of the Soviet Union. Official statistical data were used to compare morbidity and mortality rates. A method of standardization and life table functions were employed. Soviet morbidity statistics were predominantly descriptive, and based mainly on crude rates registered cases of illness during a year per 100 000 population. The death rates during the Soviet period are a better indicator of the health of the populations than more specific health indicators. A general deterioration of the ecological, social …